Unit 48: Fundamentals of Architecture and Urban Planning

1. Overview of Bachelor of Architecture Program

• Structure and duration of the program
• Core subjects and electives
• Career pathways and professional registration

2. History and Evolution of Architecture

• Ancient architecture: Egyptian, Greek, Roman
• Medieval architecture: Gothic, Romanesque
• Renaissance and Baroque periods
• Modernism and Postmodernism
• Contemporary architectural trends

3. Basic Architectural Concepts and Terminology

• Key terms: form, function, space, scale, proportion
• Architectural styles and typologies
• Understanding building elements: walls, roofs, openings

4. Architectural Drawing and Representation Techniques

• Types of architectural drawings: plans, sections, elevations
• Hand drawing techniques and sketching
• Introduction to digital tools (CAD, BIM basics)
• Scale, dimensioning, and notation

5. Introduction to Building Materials and Construction Methods

• Common building materials: wood, concrete, steel, masonry
• Construction techniques: load-bearing, framed structures
• Basic structural principles

6. Principles of Sustainable Architecture

• Environmental impact and resource efficiency
• Passive design strategies (natural ventilation, daylighting)
• Use of sustainable materials
• Introduction to green building certifications

7. Architectural Design Process and Project Development

• Stages of design: conceptual, schematic, detailed design
• Site analysis and context consideration
• Client requirements and brief development
• Iterative design and feedback incorporation

8. Role of Technology in Architecture

• Digital modeling and visualization tools
• Building Information Modeling (BIM)
• Emerging technologies: 3D printing, VR/AR

9. Architectural Ethics and Professional Practice

• Professional responsibilities and codes of conduct
• Intellectual property and copyrights
• Client-architect relationships
• Legal considerations and building regulations

10. Introduction to Urban Planning and Landscape Architecture

• Basic concepts of urban planning
• Relationship between architecture and urban spaces
• Landscape architecture principles
• Sustainable urban development