Unit 1960: Heat Transfer Fundamentals and Applications

1. Introduction to Heat Transfer

• Definition and significance of heat transfer in engineering
• Modes of heat transfer
  • Conduction
  • Convection
  • Radiation
• Basic principles governing heat transfer processes
  • Temperature gradient
  • Heat flux
  • Thermal equilibrium

2. Conduction Heat Transfer

• Concept of conduction
• Fourier’s Law of Heat Conduction
  • Mathematical formulation
  • One-dimensional steady-state conduction
• Thermal conductivity
  • Definition and factors affecting it
  • Typical values for different materials
• Heat conduction in different materials
  • Metals, insulators, composites
• Composite walls and thermal contact resistance

3. Convection Heat Transfer

• Definition and mechanism of convection
• Types of convection
  • Natural (free) convection
  • Forced convection
• Boundary layers
  • Velocity and thermal boundary layers
• Heat transfer coefficients
  • Definition and importance
  • Empirical correlations
• Factors influencing convective heat transfer
  • Fluid properties, flow velocity, surface geometry

4. Radiation Heat Transfer

• Fundamentals of thermal radiation
• Blackbody radiation
  • Definition and characteristics
• Stefan-Boltzmann Law
  • Mathematical expression
  • Applications
• Emissivity
  • Definition and effect on radiation
• Radiative heat exchange between surfaces
  • View factors
  • Combined conduction, convection, and radiation scenarios

5. Heat Exchangers

• Overview and importance in engineering
• Types of heat exchangers
  • Shell-and-tube heat exchangers
  • Plate heat exchangers
  • Others (finned tube, double pipe)
• Working principles
• Applications in industries
• Performance parameters
  • Effectiveness
  • Heat capacity rate

6. Heat Transfer in Engineering Systems

• Heat transfer in HVAC systems
• Heat exchangers in power plants
• Thermal management in electronic devices
• Heat transfer in chemical process industries
• Case studies and practical examples

7. Heat Transfer Analysis and Calculations

• Heat transfer rate calculations
• Temperature distribution analysis
• Thermal resistances and analogy with electrical circuits
• Overall heat transfer coefficient
• Multi-mode heat transfer problems
• Sample problems and solution strategies

8. Thermal Insulation

• Importance of thermal insulation
• Types of insulation materials
  • Fiberglass, foam, aerogels, reflective insulation
• Factors affecting insulation performance
• Applications
  • Buildings
  • Pipelines
  • Industrial processes
• Design considerations for insulation

9. Heat Transfer Enhancement Techniques

• Need for heat transfer enhancement
• Extended surfaces (fins)
  • Types and effectiveness
• Heat transfer augmentation devices
• Advanced enhancement methods
  • Surface roughening
  • Use of nanofluids
  • Turbulators and swirl flow devices
• Engineering applications and case studies