Learning Objectives
5 objectives- Understand the fundamental principles of fluid mechanics including fluid properties and governing equations.
- Analyze fluid behavior in static and dynamic conditions, applying key fluid dynamics equations.
- Explore and apply different flow measurement techniques for engineering applications.
- Comprehend the principles of heat transfer modes: conduction, convection, and radiation.
- Examine the design and analysis of heat exchangers and their role in engineering systems.
Content Outline
PreviewUnit 2142: Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer Fundamentals
1. Introduction to Fluid Mechanics
- Fundamental concepts of fluid mechanics
- Properties of fluids
- Density, viscosity, surface tension, vapor pressure
- Classification of fluids
- Ideal vs real fluids
- Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids
- Basic equations governing fluid flow
- Conservation of mass
- Conservation of momentum
- Conservation of energy
2. Fluid Statics
- Behavior of fluids at rest
- Pressure distribution in fluids
- Hydrostatic pressure formula
- Variation with depth
- Hydrostatic forces on submerged surfaces
- Horizontal and vertical forces
- Center of pressure
- Concept of buoyancy
- Archimedes’ principle
- Stability of submerged and floating bodies
3. Fluid Dynamics
- Fluid flow in motion
- Continuity equation
- Conservation of mass in flow
- Bernoulli’s equation
- Energy conservation along a streamline
- Applications and limitations
- Energy losses in pipes
- Major losses (friction)
- Minor losses (fittings, bends)
- Flow regimes
- Laminar, turbulent, transitional flow
- Reynolds number and its significance
4. Flow Measurement Techniques
- Overview of flow measurement importance
- Orifice meter
- Principle and discharge coefficient
- Venturi meter
- Design and flow rate calculation
- Pitot tube
- Measurement of fluid velocity
- Other flow meters
- Rotameter, electromagnetic, ultrasonic
5. Heat Transfer Fundamentals
- Modes of heat transfer
- Conduction
- Convection
- Radiation
- Applications in engineering systems
6. Conduction Heat Transfer
- Mechanisms of heat transfer through solids
- Fourier’s law of conduction
- Thermal resistance concept
- Steady-state heat conduction
- One-dimensional conduction
- Composite walls and cylindrical coordinates
7. Convection Heat Transfer
- Heat transfer due to fluid motion
- Forced convection
- Natural convection
- Heat transfer coefficients
- Boundary layer concepts
- Empirical correlations for convective heat transfer
8. Radiation Heat Transfer
- Basics of electromagnetic radiation
- Blackbody radiation
- Stefan-Boltzmann law
- Emissivity of surfaces
- Radiation exchange between surfaces
- View factors
9. Heat Exchangers
- Types of heat exchangers
- Shell and tube, plate, finned tube
- Heat exchanger effectiveness
- NTU (Number of Transfer Units) method
- Heat exchanger analysis and design considerations
10. Applications of Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer
- HVAC systems
- Heat exchangers in industry
- Cooling systems
- Thermal management in electronics
- Case studies and practical engineering examples
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