Learning Objectives
5 objectives- Understand and apply the fundamental principles and laws of thermodynamics in chemical engineering contexts.
- Analyze the properties of pure substances and their significance in process design and operation.
- Perform energy balances and evaluate heat and work interactions in chemical engineering systems.
- Examine phase equilibria and reaction equilibria to optimize chemical separation and reaction processes.
- Apply thermodynamic concepts to advanced topics such as mixtures and electrochemical systems.
Content Outline
PreviewUnit 2141: Thermodynamics in Chemical Engineering
1. Introduction to Thermodynamics in Chemical Engineering
1.1 Basic Concepts and Definitions
- System, surroundings, boundary
- State functions and path functions
- Intensive and extensive properties
1.2 Laws of Thermodynamics
- Zeroth Law and temperature definition
- First Law: energy conservation
- Second Law: entropy and irreversibility
- Third Law: absolute entropy
2. Properties of Pure Substances
2.1 Specific Heat Capacities
- Cp and Cv, temperature dependence
2.2 Enthalpy and Entropy
- Definitions and significance
- Standard reference states
2.3 Phase Diagrams
- Phase boundaries and critical points
- Use of phase diagrams in process design
3. Heat and Energy Transfer
3.1 Mechanisms of Heat Transfer
- Conduction, convection, radiation
3.2 Energy Balance Equations
- Closed and open systems
- Steady-state and transient energy balances
3.3 Applications in Chemical Engineering
- Heat exchangers design principles
- Reactor heat management
4. Work and Heat Interactions
4.1 Work in Thermodynamic Systems
- Types of work (boundary, shaft, electrical)
- Calculation methods
4.2 Heat Transfer Calculations
- Heat capacity and latent heat considerations
- Heat loss and gain in processes
5. Thermodynamic Cycles
5.1 Carnot Cycle
- Idealized cycle and efficiency
5.2 Rankine Cycle
- Steam power cycle characteristics
5.3 Brayton Cycle
- Gas turbine cycle basics
5.4 Applications and Efficiency Analysis
- Real-world chemical engineering systems
6. Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium (VLE)
6.1 Phase Equilibria Principles
- Equilibrium criteria
6.2 Raoult's Law and Ideal Solutions
6.3 Henry's Law for Gas Solubility
6.4 Application in Separation Processes
- Distillation, absorption, extraction
7. Chemical Reaction Equilibrium
7.1 Thermodynamics of Chemical Reactions
- Gibbs free energy and spontaneity
7.2 Equilibrium Constant Calculations
- Relation to thermodynamic properties
7.3 Impact on Reactor Design and Optimization
- Yield and selectivity considerations
8. Thermodynamics of Mixtures
8.1 Ideal vs Non-Ideal Mixtures
8.2 Phase Diagrams of Binary Systems
8.3 Partial Molar Properties
- Chemical potential, activity coefficients
8.4 Applications in Process Design
9. Energy Balances in Chemical Processes
9.1 Applying Thermodynamic Principles
- Integration of heat, work, and mass transfer
9.2 Calculations of Heat Transfer and Work
9.3 Efficiency and Performance Metrics
10. Thermodynamics of Electrochemical Systems
10.1 Fundamentals of Electrochemical Cells
- Cell potential and thermodynamic foundations
10.2 Batteries and Fuel Cells
- Energy storage and conversion principles
10.3 Significance in Chemical Engineering
- Application in sustainable energy technologies
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