An overview of the importance of tile fixing in construction projects, the different types of tiles commonly used, and the basic terminology associated with tile fixing.
Introduction to Tile Fixing
Key concepts, tools, materials, and step‑by‑step procedures for a successful tile installation.
| Tile Type | Common Uses | Key Characteristics |
|---|---|---|
| Ceramic (glazed) | Bathrooms, kitchens, walls | Low porosity, easy to cut |
| Porcelain | High‑traffic floors, exterior | Very low water absorption, dense |
| Natural stone (marble, slate, travertine) | Premium flooring, countertops | Variable porosity, needs sealing |
| Mosaic | Backsplashes, decorative accents | Small format, often pre‑mounted on mesh |
| Glass | Shower walls, decorative panels | Non‑absorbent, requires special adhesive |
| Tool | Purpose |
|---|---|
| Notched trowel (1/4", 1/2", 3/8") | Spreading adhesive uniformly |
| Tile cutter / wet saw | Cutting tiles to size |
| Rubber mallet | Seating tiles without damage |
| Level & straightedge | Checking flatness and alignment |
| Spacers (½", ¼", ⅛") | Maintaining consistent joint width |
| Grout float | Applying and smoothing grout |
| Sponge & bucket | Cleaning excess grout |
| Safety glasses, ear protection, dust mask | Personal protection |
| Situation | Recommended Adhesive |
|---|---|
| Standard ceramic on concrete | Unmodified thin‑set (type N) |
| Porcelain or stone on exterior | Polymer‑modified thin‑set (type S) |
| Large format tiles (> 600 mm) | High‑performance thin‑set with larger notch |
| Light wall tiles in dry rooms | Pre‑mixed mastic |
| Over existing tile | Flexible thin‑set or epoxy mortar (check manufacturer) |
*Always follow the manufacturer’s open‑