Introduction to Ethics in Counselling

Introduction to Ethics in Counselling
Key concepts, guiding principles, and practical applications for professional practice

1. Why Ethics Matter in Counselling

2. Core Ethical Principles (Universal)

3. Major Ethical Codes (Overview)

All codes share common themes: confidentiality, competence, professional boundaries, and client welfare.

4. Key Ethical Topics

4.1 Confidentiality & Privacy

• Definition: Keeping client information private unless consent is given or a legal exception applies.
• Legal Exceptions (examples):
  • Imminent risk of harm to self or others.
  • Child/elder abuse reporting.
  • Court orders/subpoenas.
• Practical Tips:
  • Explain limits of confidentiality at the first session.
  • Use secure storage (encrypted files, locked cabinets).
  • Obtain written consent before sharing records.

4.2 Informed Consent

• Components:
  1. Nature and purpose of counselling.
  2. Expected benefits and possible risks.
  3. Session length, fees, and cancellation policy.
  4. Rights to withdraw at any time.
• Process: Discuss verbally, provide a written document, and confirm understanding.

4.3 Dual Relationships & Boundary Management

• Definition: Any non‑professional relationship that could impair judgment (e.g., friend, business partner, romantic).
• Risk: Power imbalance, exploitation, loss of objectivity.
• Management Strategies:
  • Avoid dual roles whenever possible.
  • If unavoidable (e.g., small community), disclose the situation, obtain informed consent, and document the decision.

4.4 Competence & Scope of Practice

• Self‑Assessment: Regularly evaluate knowledge, skills, and cultural competence.