Unit 2686: Comprehensive Theological and Ethical Studies

1. The Nature of God

1.1 Introduction to Theological Perspectives

• Definition and scope of theology
• Historical overview of theological thought

1.2 Attributes of God

• Omnipotence: meaning, debates, and implications
• Omniscience: concepts and challenges
• Omnipresence: interpretations across traditions
• Benevolence: understanding divine goodness

1.3 Comparative Views

• Monotheistic perspectives (Christianity, Islam, Judaism)
• Pantheistic and panentheistic views
• Process theology and open theism

2. Ethical Theories

2.1 Introduction to Ethics

• Definition and branches of ethics
• Importance in moral decision-making

2.2 Major Ethical Theories

• Deontology: Kantian ethics, duties, and rules
• Utilitarianism: principle of utility, consequentialism
• Virtue Ethics: Aristotle’s philosophy, character development
• Ethical Relativism: cultural relativism and its criticisms

2.3 Application of Ethical Theories

• Case studies in moral dilemmas
• Comparative analysis of outcomes based on different theories

3. The Problem of Evil

3.1 Defining the Problem

• Logical and evidential problem of evil
• Types of evil: moral vs natural evil

3.2 Philosophical Responses

• Theodicies: free will, soul-making, and others
• Defense and skeptical theism

3.3 Theological Debates

• Impact on faith and theology
• Contemporary perspectives

4. Bioethics

4.1 Overview of Bioethical Issues

• Definition and scope
• Ethical principles in healthcare

4.2 Key Topics

• Euthanasia: moral and legal debates
• Genetic engineering: CRISPR and gene editing ethics
• Reproductive technologies: IVF, surrogacy, and ethical concerns

4.3 Case Studies and Current Debates

• Patient autonomy vs. medical paternalism
• Biotechnology and societal impact

5. Just War Theory

5.1 Foundations of Just War Theory

• Historical development
• Key principles: jus ad bellum, jus in bello, jus post bellum

5.2 Ethical Considerations

• Conditions for just cause and legitimate authority
• Proportionality and discrimination in warfare

5.3 Contemporary Issues

• Application to modern conflicts
• Critiques and alternatives

6. Environmental Ethics

6.1 Ethical Perspectives on the Environment

• Anthropocentrism vs. ecocentrism
• Deep ecology and land ethics

6.2 Key Issues

• Biodiversity conservation
• Sustainable development principles
• Moral obligations to future generations

6.3 Theological Contributions

• Stewardship and creation care
• Environmental justice

7. Gender and Sexuality

7.1 Ethical Considerations in Gender and Sexuality

• Concepts of gender identity and sexual orientation
• Feminist ethics and critiques

7.2 LGBTQ+ Rights and Theology

• Historical and contemporary theological views
• Intersectionality and inclusivity

7.3 Social and Ethical Implications

• Rights, recognition, and social justice
• Ethical challenges and dialogues

8. Social Justice

8.1 Theological Perspectives on Social Justice

• Biblical and religious foundations
• Liberation theology and other movements

8.2 Key Issues

• Poverty and economic inequality
• Racism and discrimination
• Human rights and dignity

8.3 Ethical Responsibilities

• Role of individuals and societies
• Advocacy and ethical action

Summary and Integration

• Synthesizing theological and ethical insights across topics
• Critical reflection and application to contemporary issues