Unit 105: Comprehensive First Aid Training

1. Introduction to First Aid

• Importance of first aid in emergency situations
• Basic principles of first aid
  • Preserve life
  • Prevent further harm
  • Promote recovery
• Legal considerations
  • Duty of care
  • Consent and confidentiality
  • Good Samaritan laws
• Role and responsibilities of a first aider

2. Common Medical Emergencies

• Heart Attacks
  • Signs and symptoms
  • Immediate management
• Strokes
  • Recognition using FAST method (Face, Arms, Speech, Time)
  • Initial response
• Seizures
  • Types and signs
  • Management during and after a seizure
• Allergic Reactions
  • Identification of mild to severe reactions
  • Use of antihistamines and epinephrine auto-injectors
• Diabetic Emergencies
  • Hypoglycemia vs hyperglycemia
  • Recognizing symptoms and providing appropriate assistance

3. Wound Care and Bleeding Control

• Types of wounds (abrasions, lacerations, punctures, avulsions)
• Assessing wounds
• Controlling bleeding
  • Direct pressure
  • Elevation
  • Use of pressure points
  • Tourniquet application (when appropriate)
• Applying bandages and dressings
• Infection prevention and hygiene

4. CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation)

• Overview of CPR importance
• Performing CPR on adults
  • Chest compressions technique and rate
  • Rescue breaths
• CPR for children and infants
  • Differences in technique
• Use of Automated External Defibrillator (AED)
  • When and how to use
  • Safety considerations

5. Choking Emergencies

• Recognizing choking signs
• Assisting conscious choking victims
  • Back blows
  • Abdominal thrusts (Heimlich maneuver)
• Managing unconscious choking victims
  • Airway clearance techniques
  • CPR integration

6. Musculoskeletal Injuries

• Types of injuries: fractures, dislocations, sprains, strains
• Signs and symptoms
• First aid assessment
• Immobilization techniques
  • Splints
  • Slings
• Preventing further injury during transport

7. Burns and Scalds

• Classification of burns (first, second, third degree)
• Identifying severity
• Immediate care
  • Cooling the burn
  • Covering the injury
  • Pain management
• When to seek advanced medical care

8. Environmental Emergencies

• Heat-related illnesses
  • Heat exhaustion
  • Heatstroke
• Cold-related conditions
  • Hypothermia
  • Frostbite
• Insect bites and stings
• Prevention strategies
• First aid treatments for each condition

9. Psychological First Aid

• Importance of emotional support in emergencies
• Techniques for providing reassurance and comfort
• Recognizing signs of trauma and stress
• Communication strategies
• Referral to professional help when needed

10. Emergency Action Plans

• Components of an effective emergency action plan
• Creating plans for various settings
  • Workplace
  • Schools
  • Community events
• Roles and responsibilities during emergencies
• When and how to activate emergency medical services (EMS)
• Communication and coordination protocols