Unit 352: First Aid and CPR Fundamentals

1. Introduction to First Aid and CPR

1.1 Importance of First Aid and CPR

• Definition and purpose of first aid and CPR
• Impact on survival rates and injury outcomes
• Role in emergency medical response chain

2. Basic First Aid Techniques

2.1 Wound Care

• Types of wounds (abrasions, lacerations, punctures)
• Cleaning and disinfecting wounds
• Applying dressings and bandages

2.2 Bandaging

• Types of bandages and their uses
• Techniques for secure and effective bandaging

2.3 Splinting

• Purpose of splinting
• Types of splints and materials
• Procedures to immobilize fractures and sprains

2.4 Managing Minor Injuries

• Treating burns, sprains, strains, and insect bites
• Recognizing signs of infection and complications

3. CPR Basics

3.1 Overview of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

• Physiology of cardiac arrest
• Objectives of CPR

3.2 Chest Compressions

• Hand placement and body positioning
• Compression depth and rate

3.3 Rescue Breaths

• Techniques for providing effective rescue breaths
• Timing and coordination with compressions

3.4 CPR Sequence and Cycles

• Adult, child, and infant CPR differences
• Compression-to-breath ratio

4. Automated External Defibrillator (AED) Usage

4.1 Understanding AED

• Function and components of AED devices

4.2 Operating an AED

• Step-by-step instructions on AED use
• Safety precautions and contraindications

4.3 Integrating AED with CPR

• Timing and coordination
• Recognizing when to use an AED

5. Choking Response

5.1 Recognizing Choking

• Signs and symptoms of airway obstruction

5.2 Abdominal Thrusts (Heimlich Maneuver)

• Correct technique for adults and children
• Adjustments for infants

5.3 Alternative Procedures

• Back blows and chest thrusts

6. Assessing the Emergency Scene

6.1 Scene Safety

• Identifying hazards (environmental, biological, chemical)
• Ensuring personal and victim safety

6.2 Initial Assessment

• Checking responsiveness and breathing
• Prioritizing interventions

7. Communicating with Emergency Services

7.1 Importance of Clear Communication

• Role of dispatcher in emergency response

7.2 Information to Provide

• Location, nature of emergency, number of victims
• Victim’s condition and any interventions performed

7.3 Following Instructions

• Listening carefully and acting accordingly

8. Special Considerations in First Aid and CPR

8.1 Infants and Children

• Modifications in techniques
• Specific risks and vulnerabilities

8.2 Elderly Individuals

• Common medical conditions impacting care
• Adjusting procedures for frailty

8.3 Individuals with Medical Conditions or Disabilities

• Recognizing special needs
• Adapting first aid and CPR techniques

9. Legal and Ethical Aspects of First Aid

9.1 Consent

• Obtaining consent from conscious victims
• Implied consent in emergencies

9.2 Good Samaritan Laws

• Protection for first aid providers
• Limitations and responsibilities

9.3 Documentation of Care

• Importance of accurate records
• What to include in documentation