Unit 2152: Automotive Diagnostics

1. Introduction to Automotive Diagnostics

• Definition and purpose of automotive diagnostics
• Importance of accurate diagnostics in vehicle maintenance and repair
• Overview of diagnostic methods and approaches

2. Understanding Vehicle Systems

2.1 Engine System

• Components and function
• Common engine issues (e.g., misfires, overheating)

2.2 Transmission System

• Types of transmissions
• Common problems (e.g., slipping gears, delayed shifting)

2.3 Brake System

• Brake types and components
• Symptoms of brake problems

2.4 Electrical System

• Battery, alternator, starter, wiring
• Common electrical faults

3. Diagnostic Tools and Equipment

• Scan tools: types and functionalities
• Multimeters and their use in diagnostics
• Specialized diagnostic software and interfaces
• Safety considerations when using diagnostic tools

4. Reading and Interpreting Diagnostic Codes

• Understanding onboard computer systems (OBD-I and OBD-II)
• Types of Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs)
• Procedures for retrieving and interpreting codes
• Using codes to pinpoint vehicle issues

5. Performing Basic Inspections

• Visual inspections: what to look for
• Fluid checks: oil, coolant, brake fluid, transmission fluid
• Checking belts, hoses, and filters
• Documenting inspection findings

6. Troubleshooting Common Automotive Issues

• Engine problems: poor acceleration, rough idling, stalling
• Transmission issues: slipping, hard shifts
• Brake problems: squealing, spongy pedal, fluid leaks
• Electrical faults: battery failure, blown fuses, sensor malfunctions
• Systematic troubleshooting approach

7. Engine Performance Analysis

• Diagnostic tests for engine performance
• Using scan tools to monitor engine parameters
• Techniques for identifying causes of poor performance
• Case studies/examples

8. Electrical System Diagnostics

• Testing battery health and alternator output
• Diagnosing starter issues
• Inspecting wiring harnesses and connectors
• Identifying and repairing faulty sensors and switches

9. Brake System Diagnosis and Repair

• Identifying brake system symptoms
• Inspecting brake pads, discs, drums, and fluid levels
• Diagnosing hydraulic issues
• Performing repairs and replacements
• Safety protocols during brake repairs

10. Preventative Maintenance and Inspections

• Importance of preventative maintenance
• Developing maintenance schedules
• Routine inspections to prevent failures
• Record keeping and customer communication