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1Which of the following is a product of the combustion of a hydrocarbon in air?

A Carbon monoxide and water B Carbon dioxide and water C Sulphur dioxide and nitrogen D Oxygen and nitrogen

2What type of reaction occurs when an acid reacts with a metal to produce hydrogen gas?

A Synthesis B Decomposition C Single displacement D Double displacement

3Which of the following is a non‑renewable source of energy?

A Solar energy B Wind energy C Coal D Biomass

4Which disease is caused by a virus and can be prevented by vaccination?

A Tuberculosis B Malaria C Measles D Giardiasis

5In Mendelian genetics, the phenotype ratio of a monohybrid cross (heterozygous × heterozygous) is:

A 1:1 B 3:1 C 9:3:3:1 D 2:1

6Which of the following best describes a recessive allele?

A It masks the effect of another allele B It is expressed only when two copies are present C It determines the phenotype in a heterozygote D It is always dominant over other alleles

7What is the main cause of acid rain?

A Release of methane from wetlands B Emission of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides C Deforestation D Use of fertilizers

8Which wave property determines the pitch of a sound we hear?

A Amplitude B Frequency C Speed D Wavelength

9When light passes from air into water, it:

A Speeds up and bends away from the normal B Slows down and bends towards the normal C Travels at the same speed and continues straight D Stops completely

10Which of the following is an example of a biological method of pollution control?

A Scrubbers in factories B Bioremediation using bacteria C Electrostatic precipitators D Construction of dams